Ranked-Choice Voting

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Ranked-Choice Voting (RCV) refers to an electoral method in which voters rank candidates in order of preference on their ballots. Ranked-choice voting eliminates the need for run-off elections. The states have the authority to determine which electoral systems they will use in contests for state-level offices.

electoral systems bills that have been introduced in or passed by the Virginia state legislature.

In Virginia's 2019 legislative session, Delegate David J. Toscano (D - Charlottesville), 57th District and Delegate R. Lee Ware (R-Powhatan), 65th District sponsored HB2751 to bring RCV method for elections of members of a county board of supervisors or city council.

The Bill describes the method of casting and tabulating votes in which:
(i) voters rank candidates in order of preference,
(ii) tabulation proceeds in rounds in each of which either a candidate or candidates are elected or the last-place candidate is defeated, and
(iii) tabulation ends when the number of candidates elected equals the number of offices to be filled.

The bill provides that any costs incurred by the Department of Elections related to technological changes necessary for the implementation of ranked-choice voting pursuant to the bill shall be charged to the localities exercising the option to proceed with ranked-choice voting. The House Subcommittee (House Privileges and Elections Sub-Committee) recommended laying on the table (4-Y 3-N).

A similar bill was introduced by Delegates Nick Freitas (R - Culpeper) and Patrick Hope (D - Arlington) with HB2097 to bring ranked choice voting for elections of local and constitutional offices was defeated in House Subcommittee (7-Y 0-N).

As of 2019, one state (Maine - a Home Rule state) had implemented RCV at the state level. In Berkeley, California ( also a Home Rule state), Ranked-Choice Voting are only used in races for Mayor, Council seats and Auditor; voters can (but aren’t required to) indicate their first, second and third choice for an office.


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