French and Indian War veterans

Numerous individuals who were residents of or otherwise associated with Albemarle County fought for the British during the French and Indian War (1754 - 1763) as part of the armed forces of the Virginia Colony. Joshua Fry initially served as Commander-in-Chief of the Virginia Regiment in this conflict until his unexpected death in 1754 and subsequent replacement by George Washington. Additionally, Thomas Walker, Jr. served as commissary of Virginian troops under General Edward Braddock, later being asked to negotiate with Native Americans from New York and Pennsylvania.

Rolls

The following individuals associated with Albemarle County were listed in various pay rolls, pension lists, and press releases as having served in the French and Indian War.

Map of operations in North America during the French and Indian War; note the westward march of the Virginia Regiment (led by George Washington) across northern Virginia into the French-held Ohio Country. Reproduced from Wikimedia Commons.

A 1834 painting in oil by Jacques Auguste Regnier depicting the 1755 Battle of the Monongahela, an engagement in which many Virginian units participated until being forced to withdraw by the French and their Native American allies. Reproduced from Wikimedia Commons.

Veterans of the French and Indian War associated with Albemarle County
Capt. James Nevil	Capt. Charles Ellis	Capt. John Hunter	Lieut. Cornelius Thomas
Serg. John Freeman	Lieut. John Woods	Lieut. William Woods	Ensign Charles Tuly
Ensign William Woods	Corp. Jacob Brown	Serg. Andrew Greer	Serg. Charles Wakefield
Serg. William Martin	Ensign David Martin	Corp. Thomas Cotrell	Edward Weir
Thomas Powell	Malcom Allen	Richard Powell	Aschcroft Roach
Benjamin Hensley	William Henson	John Powell	Edward Spolden
Benjamin Stinett	Benjamin Stinett Jr.	Henry Guffey	William Williams
Solomon Carter	Joshua Fowler	John Hix	George Adam Salling
John Bryan	David Davis	James Randel	Nicholas Pryor
Caleb Burton	Isham Davis	Jacob Smith	William Shoemaker
William Pryor	Samuel Stockton	Thomas Jameson	Hugh Alexander
Robert Pogece	John Wallace Adam Gaudilock	Michael Woods Jr.	Bartholomew Ramsey
Henry Randolph	William Stockton	James Kinkade	Thomas Harbet
David Gass	Abraham Howard Thomas Grubbs	John Cowen	George Brackenridge
William Pogue	William Wakefield	Henry Wakefield	Charles Hughes
Aaron Hughes	Langsdon Depriest	John Depriest	James Glen
James Robertson	Charles Crawford	John Bigs	John McAnally
Robert McWhorter	Richard Prior	Mark Lively	Henry Fuller
William Bratchy	John Burk Lane	Stephen Cash	Philip Henson
William Becknel	James White	Henry Brenton	Joshue Woods
Alexander Jameson	Daniel Maupin	John Maupin	William Maupin
Matthew Mullins	Samuel Woods	William Whiteside	James Martin
Michael Morrison	James Morrison	Adam Lackie	Alexander McMulen
Lawrence Smith	Matthias Hughes	Michael Israel	William Cartie
David Currie	Beverly Love	James Bush	Thomas Doyle
Thomas Shiflet	Corp. Thomas McCauley	Henry Davis	Peter Clarkson

Logistical report for Albemarle County

In March of 1758, an act of assembly called out some of the local militia for service in the French and Indian War. Attached to this act was a schedule containing the names of the relevant militia officers and soldiers as well as the citizens who furnished them with provisions. The following table is a transcription of the schedule pertaining to Albemarle County.

Albemarle County
	Individual(s) in question	l.	s.	d.
To	Charles Ellis, for provisions to Indians	4	6	00
To	William Floyd, for provisions to Indians	4	9	4
To	William Pryor, do.	3	13	6
	John Buckner, do.	3	4	11
	Ambrose Lee, do.	7	9	00
	James Nevill, do.	1	12	00
	William Woods, do.	00	16	00
	Henry Key, do.	00	8	00
	Richard Murray, do. for and ferriages	1	13	2
	John Lewis, do.	00	7	4
	George Taylor, for provisions	1	14	5
To	Mr. Allen Howard and William Cabell, jun. to pay a company of militia of his county, under the command of captain James Nevil, according to his muster-roll
To	the eighth day of September, 1758, inclusive	298	17	6
To	Charles Ellis, for provisions	2	8	1
	John Dailey, do.	00	4	2
	Elizabeth Birk, do.	1	10	5
	Robert Davis, jun. do.	7	9	8
	Nicholas Davis, do.	1	16	6
	William Cabell, do.	00	17	8
	Edward Spalden, do.	00	19	2
	Francis Ellison, do.	2	18	10
To	David Lewis, paid for carrying ammunition	00	15	00
To	William Callaway, for salt	00	3	00
	Gideon Thomas, for horse hire	00	8	9
	Captain Charles Ellis	3	18	00
	Cornelius Thomas, lieutienant	1	19	00
	Charles Tuly, ensign	1	6	00
	John Freeman, serjeant	00	9	4
	Jacob Brown, corporal	00	13	4
	Thomas Cotrell, do.	00	17	6
To	Edward Weir, and Thomas Powell, 7s. each	00	14	00
	Malcom Allen, Richard Powell, Aschroft Roach, Benjamin Hensley, William Henson, John Powell, Edward Spolden, Benjamin Stinnett, Benjamin Stinnett, jun. Henry Guffey, William Williams, Solomon Carter, Joshua Fowler, John Hix, George Adam Salling, John Bryan, David Davis, Mark Lively, Henry Fuller, William Bratchy, John Burk Lane, Stephen Cash, Philip Henson, William Becknel, James White, James Randel, Nicholas Pryor, Caleb Burton, and Isham Davis, 13s. each	18	4	00
To	Jacob Smith, 7
To	William Shoemaker, and William Pryor, 10s. each	1	00	00
To	John Woods, as lieutenant	1	19	00
	William Woods, as ensign	1	6	00
	Andrew Greer, serjeant	00	17	4
To	Samuel Stockton, Thomas Jameson, Hugh Alexander, Robert Pogece, John Wallace, Adam Gaudilock, Michael Woods, jun. Bartholomew Ramsey, Henry Randolph, William Stockton, James Kinkade, Thomas Harbet, Henry Brenton, Joshua Woods, Alexander Jameson, Daniel Maupin, John Maupin, William Maupin, Matthew Mullins, Samuel Woods, William Whiteside, David Gass, Abraham Howard, Thomas Grubs, John Cowen, George Brackenridge, and William Pogue, 13s. each	17	11	00
To	William Woods, lieutenant	2	8	00
	David Martin, ensign	1	6	00
To	Charles Wakefield, and William Martin, serjeants, 17s. 4d. each	1	14	8
To	William Wakefield, Henry Wakefield, Charles Hughes, Langsdon Depriest, Aaron Hughes, John Depriest, James Glen, James Robertson, Charles Crawford, John Bigs, John M'Anally, Robert M'Whorter, and Richard Prior, 13s. each	8	9	00
To	James Martin, Michael Morrison, James Morrison, and Adam Lackie, 10s. each	2	00	00
To	Alexander M'Mulen, Lawrence Smith, Matthias Hughes, Michael Israel, and William Cartie, 16s. each	4	00	00
To	Robert Barnet, for horse hire	1	00	00
	John Rucker, for provisions	00	2	00
	Charles Ellis, for do.	00	5	8
To	David Lewis, for conducting soldiers to Fredericksburg, and maintenance of one do.	3	00	00
To	John Been, for provisions	2	18	9
To	captain John Hunter, for his pay, and the pay of the guards conducting drafted soldiers to Fredericksburg	6	16	00
To	Obadiah Woodson, the ballance of his account for provisions, a horse, sundry necessaries, and paid to several soldiers	80	4	9
To	Samuel Ridgway, jun. for a horse lost in the Shawnese expedition	3	00	00
	1.	516	8	9

Additional information

Throughout the course of the French and Indian War, Ottawas, Potawatomis, Ohio Shawnees, and other western Native American tribes regularly preyed on the Virginia backcountry. Coupled with losses sustained in conventional engagements with the French, these frequent raids and skirmishes caused the Virginia Colony's overall casualties during the conflict to amount to about 1 percent of its total population, a figure that was proportionally similar to the destructiveness of the Civil War.

In 1756, the Virginia Colony was excluded from a grant of £115,000 sterling that was awarded by the Parliament of Great Britain to the northern British colonies in North America (despite Virginia having expended at least £120,000 sterling towards the war effort, a sum greater than that contributed by any other colony and little less than the combined total granted by all the other colonies). Additionally, the Proclamation of 1763 forbade further settlement west of the Alleghenies by British subjects, instituting a policy that stood in direct opposition to the expansionist tendencies advocated by publicly-traded land speculation organizations such as the Ohio Company of Virginia and the Loyal Company of Virginia. These events caused feelings of resentment towards rule by Great Britain to rise among many prominent inhabitants of the Virginia Colony, eventually leading to their open rebellion against the British monarchy during the Revolutionary War and the signing of documents such as the Albemarle County Declaration of Independence.